Composite Functions: Questions with Detailed Solutions

This page presents a carefully selected set of questions on the composition of functions. Each solution is hidden in a collapsible dropdown so you can practice independently before reviewing the steps[cite: 1].

Questions and Solutions

Question 1

Let \(f(x) = 2x + 3\) and \(g(x) = -x^2 + 1\). Find the composite function \((f \circ g)(x)\).

View Solution

By definition, \[ (f \circ g)(x) = f(g(x)). \] Substitute \(g(x)\) into \(f\): \[ (f \circ g)(x) = 2(-x^2 + 1) + 3 = -2x^2 + 5. \]

Question 2

Given \(f(2)=3\), \(g(3)=2\), \(f(3)=4\), and \(g(2)=5\), evaluate \((f \circ g)(3)\).

View Solution
\[ (f \circ g)(3) = f(g(3)) = f(2) = 3. \]

Question 3

Let \[ f(x) = \sqrt{x+2}, \quad g(x) = \ln(1 - x^2). \] Find \((g \circ f)(x)\) and determine its domain.

View Solution
\[ (g \circ f)(x) = g(f(x)) = \ln\!\bigl(1 - (\sqrt{x+2})^2\bigr) = \ln(-x - 1). \]

Domain:

  • \(x+2 \ge 0 \Rightarrow x \ge -2\)
  • \(-x-1 > 0 \Rightarrow x < -1\)

The domain is the intersection of the above sets: \[ [-2,-1). \]

Question 4

Let \[ f = \{(-2,1),(0,3),(4,5)\}, \quad g = \{(1,1),(3,3),(7,9)\}. \] Find \(g \circ f\), and state its domain and range.

View Solution
\[ (g \circ f)(-2) = g(1) = 1, \quad (g \circ f)(0) = g(3) = 3. \] \[ (g \circ f)(4) = g(5) \text{ is undefined.} \]

\[ g \circ f = \{(-2,1),(0,3)\} \]

Domain: \(\{-2,0\}\)
Range: \(\{1,3\}\)

Question 5

Let \(f(x)=\ln x\). Find the derivative of \[ F(x) = (f \circ f)(x). \]

View Solution
\[ F(x) = \ln(\ln x). \] Using the chain rule: \[ F'(x) = \frac{1}{x\ln x}. \]

Question 6

Write \[ F(x) = |4x^2 + 2x - 5| \] as the composition of two functions.

View Solution

One possible choice:

\[ g(x) = 4x^2 + 2x - 5, \quad f(x) = |x|. \]

Then:

\[ F(x) = f(g(x)). \]

Question 7

Given \(g(x)=\dfrac{1}{x}\) and \[ F(x) = \frac{1/x}{1+x}, \] write \(F\) as a composite function.

View Solution

Let:

\[ f(x) = \frac{x}{1 + 1/x}. \]

Then:

\[ F(x) = f(g(x)). \]

Question 8

Let \[ f(x)= \begin{cases} x, & x<0 \\ x^2, & x\ge 0 \end{cases} \quad\text{and}\quad g(x)=\sqrt{x}. \] Find \(g(f(x))\).

View Solution
  • For \(x<0\), \(g(f(x))=\sqrt{x}\) is not real.
  • For \(x\ge0\), \(g(f(x))=\sqrt{x^2}=|x| = x\).
\[ g(f(x)) = x \quad \text{for } x \ge 0. \]

Question 9

True or False: \(f(g(x)) = g(f(x))\) for all functions \(f\) and \(g\).

View Solution

False.
Example:

\[ f(x)=x+1,\quad g(x)=x^2. \] \[ f(g(x))=x^2+1,\quad g(f(x))=(x+1)^2. \]

Question 10

Evaluate \(f(g(h(1)))\) if \[ h(x)=-|x|,\quad g(x)=x-1,\quad f(x)=\frac{1}{x+2}. \]

View Solution
\[ h(1)=-1,\quad g(-1)=-2. \] \[ f(-2) \text{ is undefined.} \]

Therefore, \(f(g(h(1)))\) is undefined.

Exercises

  1. Evaluate \(f(g(3))\) if \(f(x)=|x-6|+x^2-1\) and \(g(x)=2x\).
  2. Find \(f\) and \(g\) if \(f(g(x))=2\sec(2x+1)\).
  3. Find the domain of \(g\circ f\) if \(f(x)=\sqrt{x}\) and \(g(x)=1/x\).
  4. Find the range of \(f(g(x))\) if \(f(x)=x+4\) and \(g(x)=x^2+2\).
View Exercise Answers
  1. \(35\)
  2. \(f(x)=2\sec x,\; g(x)=2x+1\)
  3. \((0,\infty)\)
  4. \([6,\infty)\)

More References