Grade 5 maths questions on prime and composite numbers are presented along with detailed step-by-step solutions and explanations.
Questions and Step-by-Step Solutions
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Question 1: True or False: All prime numbers are odd.
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False: The number 2 is even, yet it is prime because its only divisors are 1 and 2.
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Question 2: What is the smallest prime number?
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A prime number is a whole number greater than 1 whose only divisors are 1 and itself.
- 1 is neither prime nor composite.
- 2 has only two divisors (1 and 2), making it the smallest prime number.
Answer: 2 -
Question 3: True or False: All even numbers greater than 2 are composite.
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True: Every even number greater than 2 can be divided evenly by 2 (in addition to 1 and itself), which means it has more than two divisors and is therefore composite.
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Question 4: Which of the following numbers is prime?
A) 12 B) 6 C) 9 D) 7► View Step-by-Step Solution
- 12 is composite (divisible by 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12).
- 6 is composite (divisible by 1, 2, 3, 6).
- 9 is composite (divisible by 1, 3, 9).
- 7 is prime (divisible only by 1 and 7).
Therefore, option D is correct. -
Question 5: Which of the following numbers is composite?
A) 21 B) 2 C) 13 D) 11► View Step-by-Step Solution
- 21 is composite (divisible by 1, 3, 7, 21).
- 2 is prime.
- 13 is prime.
- 11 is prime.
Therefore, option A is correct. -
Question 6: Which of the following numbers is prime?
A) 27 B) 31 C) 1 D) 39► View Step-by-Step Solution
- 27 is composite (divisible by 1, 3, 9, 27).
- 31 is prime (divisible only by 1 and 31).
- 1 is neither prime nor composite.
- 39 is composite (divisible by 1, 3, 13, 39).
Therefore, option B is correct. -
Question 7: Which of the following numbers is composite?
A) 1 B) 57 C) 17 D) 41► View Step-by-Step Solution
- 1 is neither.
- 57 is composite (divisible by 1, 3, 19, 57).
- 17 is prime.
- 41 is prime.
Therefore, option B is correct. -
Question 8: Which number is neither prime nor composite?
A) 15 B) 41 C) 18 D) 1► View Step-by-Step Solution
The number 1 has only one divisor (1 itself), so by definition it is neither prime nor composite.
Therefore, option D is correct. -
Question 9: Classify each of the following numbers as prime or composite: 16, 24, 29, 30, 31, 33, 81, 97, 100, 101
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- 16: Composite (divisible by 2, 4, etc.)
- 24: Composite (divisible by 2, 3, etc.)
- 29: Prime
- 30: Composite (divisible by 2, 3, 5, etc.)
- 31: Prime
- 33: Composite (divisible by 3, 11)
- 81: Composite (divisible by 3, 9, etc.)
- 97: Prime
- 100: Composite (divisible by 2, 5, etc.)
- 101: Prime
Summary:
Prime: 29, 31, 97, 101
Composite: 16, 24, 30, 33, 81, 100 -
Question 10: List all prime numbers from 2 to 31.
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Checking numbers from 2 to 31 for divisors other than 1 and themselves:
2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31