Convert Polar to Rectangular Coordinates

This calculator converts two-dimensional polar coordinates \((R, \theta)\) into rectangular coordinates \((x, y)\).

Polar and Rectangular Coordinate Relationships

Using the diagram below, the relationship between rectangular coordinates \((x, y)\) and polar coordinates \((R, \theta)\) is given by:

\[ \begin{aligned} x &= R \cos \theta \\ y &= R \sin \theta \end{aligned} \]

The inverse relationships are:

\[ \begin{aligned} R^2 &= x^2 + y^2 \\ \tan \theta &= \frac{y}{x} \end{aligned} \]

The correct quadrant of the angle \(\theta\) is determined by the signs of \(x\) and \(y\).

Polar and rectangular coordinates of a point
Figure 1: Relationship between polar and rectangular coordinates

The interactive calculator below computes \(x\) and \(y\) from given values of \(R\) and \(\theta\). The angle \(\theta\) may be entered in either degrees or radians.

Use the Calculator

Step 1: Enter the angle \(\theta\) and radius \(R\) (with \(R > 0\)).
Step 2: Choose whether \(\theta\) is in degrees or radians, then click Convert.

Decimal Places:

Angle in Degrees

\(\theta =\)    \(R =\)

\(x =\)    \(y =\)

Angle in Radians

\(\theta =\) \(\pi\)    \(R =\)

\(x =\)    \(y =\)

More References